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英語的語序

發布時間: 2022-06-21 18:07:27

英語一般的語序有哪些 還有各種結構 能詳細盡量詳細哈

總體上,英語語序和漢語比較類似,主要包括:陳述句,疑問句,感嘆句,倒裝句等。
其中英語比較基本的句型有六種:
1 ,主語(名詞或代詞)+ 謂語(動詞)
The (black) dog is running (fast).
2 ,主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 (名詞或代詞)
The cat likes fish.
3 ,主語 + 連系動詞(BE 動詞等)+ 表語 (名詞、形容詞、介詞短語等)
The dog and cat are in the room.
4 ,主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 (指人的名詞或代詞)+ 直接賓語(指物的賓語)
He gave me a book.
5 ,主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語
He told me to clean the room.
6 ,There be + 名詞 + 地點 表示「某地有某物」
There is a book on the desk. /There are some books on the desk.
there be 後的名詞如果是單數 be要用is 名詞如果是復數就用are

間接賓語與直接賓語又叫雙賓語;賓語和賓補叫復合賓語,判斷雙賓語還是復合賓語要看這兩個成份在邏輯上有沒有主謂關系,賓語和賓補在邏輯上有主謂關系。例句 「他告訴我打掃房間」是 我打掃房間,即:有主謂關系。

英語中形容詞作定語時和漢語是一樣的,放在它所修飾的名詞前,如果是短語(片語)或從句作定語要放在它所修飾的名詞的後面

副詞修飾動詞一般放在動詞後,如果動詞帶有賓語,還要放在賓語後
They study English hard.
表示頻度的副詞可放在動詞前 They often go to the cinema.
修飾全句的副詞也可能放在句首。

⑵ 英語裡面什麼是語序

英語中常見語序有三種。
陳述語序、疑問語序、還有倒裝語序。
陳述:主語在謂語前
疑問:謂語在主語前
倒裝:為了平衡句子結構,而調整語序

⑶ 什麼是英語語序

所謂語序,就是句子的結構順序,句子復雜了,語序的作用就體現出來的

最基礎的句子語序如下,

一、跟在及物動詞後的由連接副詞或連接代詞how,when,where,why,who,which,whom, what,whose以及whether,if 引導的賓語從句要用陳述句語序,即主語、謂語不必顛倒。例如:

I can't describe what I felt at that moment.

Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die?

二、在以think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞引起的賓語從句中,盡管從句表示否定意義,一般卻是通過否定主句的謂語動詞來否定從句。例如:

Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday.

I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week.

三、由as引導的讓步狀語從句,常常用部分倒裝。例如:

Young as he is,he is excellent in his work.

Poor health as she has,she insists on working hard in her post.

四、句首為帶有否定意義的詞或片語時,常用部分倒裝。

這類詞或片語有:hardly,little,never,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in/ under no circumstances,in vain,no longer,not often等。例如:

Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.

Not only is he a talented president of a university,but also he is open-minded.

否定副詞如果放在句首隻是限定主語而非修飾全句,則句子不必倒裝。例如:

No survivor has yet been found.

五、有些表示程度的副詞或短語作狀語而又置於句首時,句子用部分倒裝表示強調。這類詞或片語有:so...that,to such an extent,to such a degree,to such extremes等。例如:

So hard does she study that all her teachers like her.

So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him.

六、句首為「only +狀語」時,常用部分倒裝。例如:

Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues.

Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit.

七、在比較和方式狀語從句中,如果主語不是人稱代詞,常可在主語前添加助動詞或系動詞代替前面出現過的動詞,形成一種部分倒裝的形式。例如:

The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago.

I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college.

八、在含虛擬語氣的條件句中,如果if被省略,那麼were,had或should要移至主語之前。例如:

Were there no gravity,there would be no air around the earth.

Should anyone come to our home to sell things,don't let him /her in.

另外,在一些感嘆句和某些表示祝願的句子里,已形成一種固定結構的倒裝表達法。例如:

How wonderful is the fashion show!

Long live our friendship!

九、hardly,barely,scarcely和when連用以及no sooner和than連用時,形成固定的倒裝結構,表示一件事緊接著另一件事發生,意為「一……就……」。在時態上,主句一般用過去完成時,而從句用過去時。例如:

Scarcely had I left home for school,when it began to rain heavily.

Hardly had I put down the phone,when the phone rang again.

No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out,than came some rejections.

⑷ 英語的語序為什麼和漢語不一樣呢

英語的基本語序為SVO,且基本上不能任意變換語序,除了在少數詩詞以外;另一方面,有時英語會使用OSV的語序。如下所示:

There are birds flying in the sky/(天空有飛鳥)

此句直譯為:那裡、是、鳥、飛、(介詞)、(定冠詞)、天空

Jennifer saw Brittany/(珍妮佛看見了布里特妮)

此句直譯為:珍妮佛、看見了、布里特妮。

比起其他印歐語系的語言,雖然英語的屈折變化數量大幅減少,但名詞、動詞等依舊有相當數量的不規則變化與強變化。

漢語是一種孤立語(分析語),不同於印歐語系的很多具有曲折變化的語言,漢語的詞彙只有一種形式而沒有諸如復數、詞性、詞格、時態等曲折變化。漢語的語素絕大部分是單音節的(手│洗│民│失)。

語素和語素可以組合成詞(馬+路→馬路│開+關→開關)。有的語素本身就是詞(手、洗),有的語素本身不是詞,只能跟別的語素一起組成復合詞(民→人民│失→喪失)。現代漢語里雙音節詞占的比重最大。

大部分雙音詞都是按照上面提到的復合方式造成的。有些語素雖然在現代漢語里不能作為一個詞單獨用,但是有時候在借用古漢語的詞句時,也偶爾作為詞來使用。


(4)英語的語序擴展閱讀:

英語語法基於日耳曼語源,雖然一些18世紀和19世紀的學者試圖把法語和古拉丁語的語法應用於英語,但是並不成功。

英語與其他所有的印歐語系語言相比,沒有那麼復雜的屈折變化,也失去了幾乎所有陰陽性變化,基本上,英語除了人稱代詞以外,已失去了性和格的分別了,它更強調詞語間相對固定的順序,也就是說英語正朝向分析語的方向發展。

如貓尾可以寫作cat tail,而不必寫作cat's tail,這里的貓cat直接用了詞根原形,而沒用屬格詞綴cat's。

參考資料:網路-英語

網路-漢語

⑸ 英語的倒裝語序

倒裝語序分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝,全部倒裝結構是謂語動詞提前至主語之前,部分倒裝結構是助動詞或情態動詞提至主語之前,而謂語動詞位置不變。

一、全部倒裝:謂語動詞提前至主語之前為全部倒裝。

當首句為方位或時間副詞,謂語動詞為go,come等時通常用全部倒裝。

例:Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouthcamea sentence that would eventually become myreply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore.

幾年前的一天,我說了一句話並最終成為我對任何和全部挑釁的回答:關於那個問題我再也不討論了。

二、部分倒裝:助動詞或情態動詞提至主語之前,謂語動詞位置不變,即為部分倒裝。

當句首狀語為否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞語時,這個句子就需要部分倒裝。

例:Littledo they know about her alternative career. 他們對她的另一個職業一無所知。

⑹ 英語語序


這個問題,要分情況來討論:

  1. 英語的「陳述句」,語序是主語在前,謂語在後,這一點是與漢語一致的。

  2. 英語的狀語(時間、地點、方式、目的、原因……)經常是放在句末的,因為狀語是次要成分之一。

  3. 英語的定語,假如不是單個的形容詞,而是介詞片語或定語從句(只要是由2個或以上的單片語成的「……的」),通常是放在被修飾詞的後面的。這種」後置定語「是英語的特殊點,也是閱讀和翻譯時需要特別注意的地方。

  4. 英語的「疑問句」,要把助動詞(be動詞、have/has/had, do/does/did, will, would, should...)移到主語前,形成「疑問語序」。

  5. 英語中的狀語如果是包含no, little, hardly, only 等有強調意味的副詞短語放在句首時,句子的謂語常常也要把助動詞放在主語之前,形成「倒裝句」,這是特殊情況。

  6. 英語的「存在句」:There be... 句型,是獨有的句式,可以把There be這兩個詞合在一起當作是句子的謂語,其後的名詞(短語)才是主語,即「存在」的主體。

  7. It作「形式主語」,替代不定式"to + verb" 或 that 引導的從句時,真正的主語是放在謂語後的,只是因為它們太長,顯得累贅,所以用it來替代它們放在句首。

總結,英語通常是把主要的核心成分先說,次要成分置後(如:定語、狀語)。

甚至上述第5種情形下的狀語,也可理解成是一種「強調」,所以才放到句首。"重要的事先說「——這就是英語的習慣!




⑺ 英語的語序是什麼

所謂語序,就是句子的結構順序,句子復雜了,語序的作用就體現出來的
最基礎的句子語序如下,
一、跟在及物動詞後的由連接副詞或連接代詞how,when,where,why,who,which,whom,what,whose以及whether,if 引導的賓語從句要用陳述句語序,即主語、謂語不必顛倒.例如:
I can't describe what I felt at that moment.
Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die?
二、在以think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞引起的賓語從句中,盡管從句表示否定意義,一般卻是通過否定主句的謂語動詞來否定從句.例如:
Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday.
I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week.
三、由as引導的讓步狀語從句,常常用部分倒裝.例如:
Young as he is,he is excellent in his work.
Poor health as she has,she insists on working hard in her post.
四、句首為帶有否定意義的詞或片語時,常用部分倒裝.
這類詞或片語有:hardly,little,never,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in/ under no circumstances,in vain,no longer,not often等.例如:
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.
Not only is he a talented president of a university,but also he is open-minded.
否定副詞如果放在句首隻是限定主語而非修飾全句,則句子不必倒裝.例如:
No survivor has yet been found.
五、有些表示程度的副詞或短語作狀語而又置於句首時,句子用部分倒裝表示強調.這類詞或片語有:so...that,to such an extent,to such a degree,to such extremes等.例如:
So hard does she study that all her teachers like her.
So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him.
六、句首為「only +狀語」時,常用部分倒裝.例如:
Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues.
Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit.
七、在比較和方式狀語從句中,如果主語不是人稱代詞,常可在主語前添加助動詞或系動詞代替前面出現過的動詞,形成一種部分倒裝的形式.例如:
The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago.
I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college.
八、在含虛擬語氣的條件句中,如果if被省略,那麼were,had或should要移至主語之前.例如:
Were there no gravity,there would be no air around the earth.
Should anyone come to our home to sell things,don't let him /her in.
另外,在一些感嘆句和某些表示祝願的句子里,已形成一種固定結構的倒裝表達法.例如:
How wonderful is the fashion show!
Long live our friendship!
九、hardly,barely,scarcely和when連用以及no sooner和than連用時,形成固定的倒裝結構,表示一件事緊接著另一件事發生,意為「一……就……」.在時態上,主句一般用過去完成時,而從句用過去時.例如:
Scarcely had I left home for school,when it began to rain heavily.
Hardly had I put down the phone,when the phone rang again.
No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out,than came some rejections.

⑻ 英語句式的語序應該遵循什麼原則

所謂語序,就是句子的結構順序,句子復雜了,語序的作用就體現出來的 最基礎的句子語序如下, 一、跟在及物動詞後的由連接副詞或連接代詞how,when,where,why,who,which,whom, what,whose以及whether,if 引導的賓語從句要用陳述句語序,即主語、謂語不必顛倒.例如: I can't describe what I felt at that moment. Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die?
二、在以think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞引起的賓語從句中,盡管從句表示否定意義,一般卻是通過否定主句的謂語動詞來否定從句.例如: Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday. I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week. 三、由as引導的讓步狀語從句,常常用部分倒裝.例如: Young as he is,he is excellent in his work. Poor health as she has,she insists on working hard in her post.
四、句首為帶有否定意義的詞或片語時,常用部分倒裝. 這類詞或片語有:hardly,little,never,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in/ under no circumstances,in vain,no longer,not often等.例如: Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state. Not only is he a talented president of a university,but also he is open-minded. 否定副詞如果放在句首隻是限定主語而非修飾全句,則句子不必倒裝.例如: No survivor has yet been found.
五、有些表示程度的副詞或短語作狀語而又置於句首時,句子用部分倒裝表示強調.這類詞或片語有:so...that,to such an extent,to such a degree,to such extremes等.例如: So hard does she study that all her teachers like her. So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him.
六、句首為「only +狀語」時,常用部分倒裝.例如: Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues. Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit.
七、在比較和方式狀語從句中,如果主語不是人稱代詞,常可在主語前添加助動詞或系動詞代替前面出現過的動詞,形成一種部分倒裝的形式.例如: The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago. I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college. 八、在含虛擬語氣的條件句中,如果if被省略,那麼were,had或should要移至主語之前.例如: Were there no gravity,there would be no air around the earth. Should anyone come to our home to sell things,don't let him /her in. 另外,在一些感嘆句和某些表示祝願的句子里,已形成一種固定結構的倒裝表達法.例如: How wonderful is the fashion show! Long live our friendship!
九、hardly,barely,scarcely和when連用以及no sooner和than連用時,形成固定的倒裝結構,表示一件事緊接著另一件事發生,意為「一……就……」.在時態上,主句一般用過去完成時,而從句用過去時.例如: Scarcely had I left home for school,when it began to rain heavily. Hardly had I put down the phone,when the phone rang again. No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out,than came some rejections.

⑼ 英語入門英語語序有幾種

疑問語序一般都是where,what,how,which---然後後面一般接is,are,do,does,再是你敘述的地方,人,物,或者是一個動作
where
the
xx
is一般是用作賓語從句,比如i
don't
know
where
i
go這樣的追問:
where
the
xx
is是疑問句還是陳述句?另外,弱弱的問一句,可不可以總結下陳述句一般什麼在前面,什麼在後面,疑問句什麼在前面?再弱弱的請求可不可以舉例子?!回
應該是特別的陳述句吧!屬於賓語從句,你可能初三下冊會學到:)陳述句就和中文一樣的,排放順序是主語,謂語,賓語,像是i
go
to
school,疑問句就是多了個助動詞或者把is,are
放前面去放到後面去,像是when
do
you
go
to
school?和where
are
you
from?

⑽ 英語一般的語序有哪些還有各種結構

各種語序的本體都是:
[肯定句]:主語 + 謂語 + 賓語.
[否定句]:主語 + 助動詞 + not +動詞 +賓語.
[一般疑問句]:助動詞 + 主語 + 動詞 +賓語?
除此之外,還有強調句、倒裝句等,語序有些不同,依情況定.

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